Architectural Design Archive
EL RETIRO / NATURE + CULTURE
During the semester, three projects with different functions and characteristics were developed in the Retiro Park in Madrid.
The first project, the open-air bathing and thermal space, is in the surroundings of the Palacio de Cristal.
The second, the house of the sun and the moon, is located on the far right of the park, in the area belonging to the Madrid Astronomical Observatory.
At the end, the third, the pier and canoeing school, on the Estanque Real.

PROJECT 1_The first project was developed with the aim of creating a connection between the pond, the Palacio de Cristal and the Palacio de Velázquez. An intervention that, through the creation of an axis and a ring surrounding the lake (the wooden platforms), establishes clear relations in the context in which it is inserted.
The thermal space, for private use, is contained in the structure of the building in front of the Cristal Palace; the rest of the pond is for the open-air bathing area for public use, and the services (toilets, areas for eating and resting in the shade) are arranged along the axis leading from the Velázquez palace to the pool: it creates a surprise effect when the Palacio comes into view at the end, as the volumes of the services are so high that they create a kind of visual wall with respect to what is behind.
The thermal baths building was designed with the idea of contrasting with the light and transparent structure of the Palacio de Cristal: it is a structure of load-bearing walls and stone.

PROJECT 2_The second project was designed on a steep slope overlooking Madrid. From the first considerations, it was understood the need to create a base that would well define the space surrounding the neoclassical structure of the observatory, and it materialized in a terrace overlooking Madrid. Based on this choice, the project has been placed in front of the observatory, on a lower level, accessible by stairs. The floor plan is developed both horizontally and vertically: a tower some twenty meters high gives the observatory one of the best viewpoints in Madrid.
The exhibition spaces alternate with enclosed areas organized on two levels: on the first, through the presence of holes and domes, it is possible to observe the stars with technical instruments; on the lower level, on the other hand, through holographic projections, being dark spaces, it is possible to live the direct experience of getting to know the lunar or solar world.

PROJECT 3_The third project was developed on both sides of the Monument of Alfonso XII.
The idea is to make the pier and the canoeing school the arms of the hemicycle of the monument: the latter has a granite base and a colonnade crowning it.
The new buildings have been added on two levels, one in line with the pavement of the monument - the wooden portico from which it is possible to observe the park and the canoeing competitions - and the level minus one in continuity with the basement strip of the monument, where the different functions are located.
The decision to make an extension of the basement, which as such has a reduced number of openings, meant opening the back part, bringing forward the pillars of the portico and perforating the wall to allow light to pass through.
The result is an intervention that integrates well with the pre-existence and aims to protect the beauty of the pond's flatness and its relationship with the monument and the surrounding arboreal context.